Sunday, July 29, 2007

Update: The Deaths of Duncan & Blake were Badly Mishandled by LA Times/Who has Constructed an ARG Around Theresa Duncan's "Suicide?"



Two articles here. The first addresses the awful writing on the death of Theresa Duncan by the LA Times' Chris Lee. The Times is insidious in its reality-defining strategies, and this is but the latest example of the newpaper's manipulation of its readership.

ARG deception game concepts are explained below. (9/11 activists may note a similarity between an ARG and infiltration/manipulation of grassroots investigation by intelligence cut-outs and cults.) Someone has an interest in misdirecting bloggers researching facts related to her death - to conceal the circumstances?

The woefully misleading, incomplete Times' story by Chris Lee is a step in the wider context of ARG strategies.

- Alex Constantine

http://johnstodderinexile.wordpress.com/2007/07/25/the-apparent-double-suicide/

“…the Apparent Double Suicide…” UPDATED
July 25th, 2007

A rank odor rises from the LA Times’ belated coverage of blogger/filmmaker Theresa Duncan’s death and the subsequent disappearance of her boyfriend, the artist Jeremy Blake. After rehashing what everyone else said days ago — the deaths were “confounding,” the art world is in shock — writer Chris Lee gropes in the dark for explanations that are clearly beyond the facts in his notebook, and in doing so, inflicts needless damage to their reputations.

If someone knows why two talented, popular people with the world on a string would kill themselves, they can choose to tell that story. When it comes to prominent people — and there’s no question Duncan and Blake courted attention — the trade-off between violating the privacy of the deceased and offering a coherent narrative to explain a senseless act tends to favor telling the story. But only if you have a story to tell. Lee doesn’t. He has a hodge-podge of disquieting details that add up to a big, contradictory blob of nothing that perhaps tells us more about Lee than his subjects.

According to Lee, Duncan and Blake believed they were being stalked and harassed by Scientologists, “according to several friends and art world peers.”

Actually, Lee didn’t need to go to unnamed sources for this news. Duncan herself wrote about the alleged harassment incidents at length on her blog, Wit of the Staircase. On LA Observed last night, Kevin Roderick pointed to this May 2007 entry, which is exhaustive. In it, Duncan draws a series of links between an old girlfriend of Blake’s, the old girlfriend’s wealthy adoptive father and his connections to the CIA and conservative think-tanks, the Church of Scientology, an FBI file about her own past work as a labor organizer, and some incidents of social-climbing bed-hopping in the art world. Duncan painted the ex-girlfriend as possible perpetrator of the harassment, but also possible unknowing victim of her adoptive father and the shady underworld of which he supposedly is a part.

In a comment to her own post, Duncan claimed that the harassment — “including a dead cat, grafitti on and near our property” — started when Blake worked with the indie singer Beck on an album cover. It is, frankly, hard to tell how much of what Duncan wrote is relevant to the harassment. Reading it over a few times, it strikes me that Duncan put all this out there in violation of Occam’s Razor (“the explanation of any phenomenon should make as few assumptions as possible.”) It could simply have been that the ex-girlfriend carried a torch, and went overboard. Assuming the adoptive father is connected to high-level espionage and secret business, why would he want to risk exposure by having his operatives harass a couple of artists?

But, oddly, the Times’ reporter focuses on the aspect of this story that seems the least subject to challenge. He questions whether the harassment took place at all. He strongly implies it was a fantasy. His proof? Christine Nichols, an art world colleague of Duncan and Blake’s “did not see any evidence of that.” Did Ms. Nichols live with them? What was the extent of her involvement in their lives that would lead Lee to conclude that if Nichols didn’t see something, it probably didn’t happen?

(This story went through at least one editor, right? Neither Lee nor that editor saw the logical fallacy in using Nichols’ comments to prove a negative? Neither Lee nor that editor thought to call LAPD, which Duncan cited specifically in her blog? This is the kind of thing that enrages readers of the LA Times and makes us indifferent to its future, irrational as that might be.)

Then Lee reaches out to the rock star Beck who, through his manager, describes the professional relationship between Blake and himself as “very cordial.” Beck, I was stunned to find out, is a member of the Church of Scientology. The Beck Sea Change album on which Blake worked was acclaimed, and the graphics drew positive notices. Why would an uneventful and successful project that benefited a famous Scientology member lead to harassment by the Church of Scientology? Duncan never explains, nor does the Times.

But the Times does add, with an air of authority, an irrelevant comment from the NYPD that the Scientology angle is not being pursued. Why would it be pursued? These are “apparent suicides.” Despite Lee’s best efforts, he fails to draw any connection between the deaths and the harassment — which he cues us to doubt even took place.

Here’s what I think Lee wants to say, but can’t: Duncan and Blake’s paranoia about Scientology was a symptom that one or both of them were losing their grip on reality and going insane, and at the end of that road was suicide. That’s the clear impression he leaves with his floating chunks of data and oddly disconnected quotes. The second half of the story is all about how well their lives were going, and how attractive they both were to “the brainy, moneyed people who occupy the intersection of art and technology.” Lee betrays more than a little envy of both of them. Stuck with a story for which he has few worthwhile facts but a bellyful of jealousy, he tells the world in so many words that both of them were crazy.

This is a hit piece, disguised by the language of compassion. The Times’ speculative implications are completely meritless. The fact is, we don’t know their mental state, and because the police say they aren’t looking into the Scientology/harassment angle, we can assume they didn’t see evidence to justify a connection. Keep in mind the police have seen both suicide notes.

For all the artifacts and writings both artists left behind, we really don’t know them. We don’t know what transpired between them. We don’t know what mental or physical conditions they were dealing with. We don’t know about stresses in their lives. We hardly know anything. And based on the quotes from friends, their friends hardly knew anything either.
----------
This is Not a Game: The Mysterious Death of Theresa Duncan
July 26th, 2007 at 6:36 pm (Uncategorized)

Theresa Duncan, artist, writer, perfume critic and video game pioneer is dead. The police aren’t making it official yet, but the papers are calling it suicide. Her longtime partner and collaborator, Jeremy Blake, is alleged to have stripped off his clothes and taken a one-way swim into the ocean. A body was recently discovered that fits his description.

(I first learned about all of this via Jeff Wells’ Rigorous Intuition blog and I have included links to all his posts on the subject at the bottom of this post.)These people were real. But almost everything else about this case seems false. When I initially went to Duncan’s website, my first thought was that the whole thing seemed very much like one of those alternate reality games or “ARGs” which you often encounter on the internet. These are stories which are not written out in one central narrative but consist of an introductory website and a series of clues. It is up to the readers to piece together the larger story. The more immersive ones will bring in other media…players might receive emails or phone calls, or be given phone numbers to call which actually work. Real websites not affiliated with the game might be referenced…videos produced…fake photographs created.

Duncan’s site looks very much like a “rabbit hole”, the term for the entry way into an ARG. Here’s another ARG term: puppet master. That’s the person or group running the game. What follows is what is likely to be a long series of investigative pieces into who the puppet masters are in this case. It will bring together some of the themes we’ve already introduced on this site.

In this first few posts, I’d like to explain a little about why I think there is some sort of structure behind Duncan’s website and numerous websites which connect to it which is designed to lead the reader onto some kind of trail. If you aren’t familiar with ARGs, and I was not that familiar with them until just recently as I researched them in another context, this will seem a bit nonlinear at first. What I have to offer is not proof, but simply an analysis that is highly suggestive that something “ARG-like”, for lack of a better term, is going on here. But I am feeling more and more certain that I am correct about this. In fact, already some ARG-like clues have been put forward in other places. Links to websites containing nothing but mysterious pictures, seemingly pointless lists, and cryptic text. These don’t prove anything, of course. But they are exactly the sort of thing you’d expect to find in an ARG. The difference here is that the “characters” are very real and two of them, apparently, are dead.

We will also see that the dead lovers have connections in various ways to the very community of people who create ARGs in the first place: internet innovators, “new media” theorists, occultists, chaos worshipping Discordians, and perhaps even a few intelligence agents along the way. This is the culture Theresa Duncan and Jeremy Blake already were a part of.

The research that is already underway is far too unwieldy to contain on this blog, so I’m not exactly sure how to proceed. I don’t want to be disrespectful to the dead couple and I cannot at this time figure out how to reconcile the ARG nature of this material with the very real deaths of these two artists. There are others researching this material with whom I am working though they prefer to stay anonymous.

What I am going to do with these first posts is give a brief summary of some of the factors that have led me to conclude that this ARG really exists, for whatever purpose. But let me give you a little more background on ARGs, particularly one ARG, so that you can see what I’m talking about a little more clearly.

One of the more famous ARGs that was never completely owned up to as an ARG was called “Ong’s Hat.” It centered around rumors of certain documents about a device that allowed people to go back in time. It sounds silly, I guess, but it roped a lot of people in. Here is one summary of the structure of an ARG written by a veteran of Ong’s Hat

Create a interactive medium that immerses the public in an addictive, tantalizing story but keep the content restricted to certain personality types. Reveal concepts and ideas that generally represent your beliefs.

Along the way, feed this portion of the public information which may or may not be true about the story. (Filtration of the idiots)

Those that breach the truths and untruths may pass to the next level of information. Introduce more directed and personal information. Once again reveal accurate and inaccurate information. (Further idiot filtration)
As this select group narrows, inject information that more specifically reveals their personal belief systems, ideals, goals.

If the users ideals, beliefs and goals have been properly modified by the process or the user already fits the mold, those persons are then accepted into the “fold”.

Notice, if you will, how those same words might be used to describe a sophisticated disinformation campaign. Indeed, with Ong’s Hat, there were many who thought the whole thing was real. Probably still some who do. And this sort of trickery has been going on since way before the internet began. Two non-web-based ARGs which come to mind are the alleged communications from aliens from the planet UMMO which eventually ran to thousands of documents, and all of the material around the Priory of Sion that ultimately found its way into a blockbuster book and movie. It doesn’t even matter that BOTH of these have not only been proven to be primarily based on hoaxes, and that the hoaxers themselves have admitted as such; people still believe. I’ll bet if you think really hard, you can come up with some other examples. I know I can.

Unfortunately, one of those examples turns out to be the whole area of MKULTRA and mind control. Not that MKULTRA didn’t exist…but at least one ARG drew heavily on the MKULTRA material and, I would argue, did much to obscure whatever truth lies in those dark and murky waters. The ARG was called “El Centro.” And here (this is a pdf link) is what the creator himself, Joseph Matheyny, said about it:

One (goal of El Centro) was to set up a multi-leveled puzzle scenario that
would serve as a ‘survival of fittest’ course so that we could find candidates that had the unique qualities that we desired
in a PM.

I’d like to suggest there was another goal. And that was to fuck with people’s minds. Here’s an excerpt from the El Centro material:

Him: “Ok. Ever heard of Mind Control Programming?”

Me: “MKULTRA, Monarch, etc.?”

Him:”To name but a few, but yes, exactly. Ever wonder how many of those Mind Controlled morons there are running amuck out there?”

Me: “Not exactly..”

Him: “I’ll tell you how many. A lot. A whole fucking lot. That’s how many. A bloody majority.”

Me: “How does that tie in..?”

Him: “I’ll tell you how but you won’t want to hear it. There are varying layers of programming. I’ve managed to hack a few of those over the last several years. Of specific interest to me was the OMEGA layer. This is the failsafe layer, the self-destruct button if you will. Recently I’ve learned how to trigger it.”

Me: “I see…”

Him: “Do you? I’ve grown tired of trying to figure out a way to deprogram large groups of people. There’s too many of them out there and more are created every day. It’s like being in a ground war with the Republic of China. You deprogram one and they throw 20 or 30 more at you. They wear you down through attrition. So I’ve come up with a more elegant solution. I’ve discovered a method to trigger the OMEGA response en masse. They’ll off themselves. Every single agent, sleeper or active, that comes into contact with El Centro will have their OMEGA response triggered. Oh sure, we’ll see a period of mass extinction that will be unprecedented, but..”

El Centro is off line but is archived here. However, I don’t know how long those archives last.

And this brings us back to Theresa Duncan and her blog, for as you’ll easily see if you look around, aside from perfume reviews and Kate Moss updates, she began to write about various Mind Control/MKULTRA/Project Monarch topics AND she also claimed she was being stalked by forces related to those. And then, I suppose we are to infer, her “OMEGA” programming kicked in. As we’ll see, her life in intersects in a variety of ways with guys like Matheny who are behind some of the more well known ARGs. I’m not saying that some evil ARG writers killed Duncan, only that something ARG-like has been constructed around her. Whether she was witting to that, or was being somehow led to do it, I don’t know.

I’m going to end this section here. Take the time, if this story interests you, to get the background at RI. And then have a look at the comments. Some of the commenters are part of the game and have begun to leave a little trail of clues. But be careful, as I have no idea where all this is leading so I’m not even going to point out just yet which comments I believe are deliberately planted. You’ll have to come to your own conclusions about that but I’d suggest looking for the links lead….because some of them lead to some pretty weird shit.

And I want to reiterate…I am the one who is “outing” the ARG nature of this game but I have nothing to do with it. In fact, I think the people behind it, especially given the two deaths that are somehow related, are malicious in intent, whatever that intent actually is. But my goal is very simple. I would like to expose these motherfuckers. I hope you’ll join me.

Links to the background from Rigorous Intuition:

http://rigint.blogspot.com/2007/07/after-ambulances-go.html

http://rigint.blogspot.com/2007/07/imitation-of-life.html

http://rigint.blogspot.com/2007/07/thursday-july-26.html

Next up…hopefully later today, I will outline some of the telltale signs that Theresa’s Blog was being used as an ARG “rabbit hole”. I’d ask those of you who are wondering if I’m making a huge leap here to bear with me. The case becomes very convincing, though it will be particularly convincing if you familiarize yourself with the nature, structure and some of the major “authors” of recent ARGS. But it’s going to take a little time to develop this idea. Please don’t call the paddy wagon on me just yet.

Oh, one other warning. Once this article gets “on the radar” we will have new people leaving comments here. PLEASE remember that you don’t know anything about who other commenters are. Already I’ve had some games played in my comments section (not related to this post…but similar kinds of folks). So be careful. I don’t want anyone to be paranoid, but the folks who do this stuff are really good at building trust and manipulating.
http://dreamsend.wordpress.com/2007/07/26/this-is-not-a-game-the-mysterious-death-of-theresa-duncan/

AFRIKA BAMBAATAA'S PETITION: "TAKE BACK HIP-HOP CULTURE"

Hip-Hop gets the blame, but the violence and sexism in the music is perpetuated by the corporate entertainment complex. Afrika Bambaataa of Universal Zulu Nation demands a restoral of balance ...

http://www.thuglifearmy.com/news/?id=3773

I would like you to read this letter from Afrika Bambataa, one of our fathers of Hip Hop Culture as an introduction to a campaign myself along with others in the Hip Hop Communities nationally have just began and working strong at.

We here in Atlanta are kicking off this “Bring Back the Balance” campaign with a petition. As you read, you will understand…Please pass it along to as many people as possible. Thank you Hiphoppa, see you around the way! Peace - Angie “Hiphop Angel” Griffin: Angel of Love Events/Temple of Hiphop

TAKE BACK HIP HOP CULTURE by Afrika Bambataa

BROTHER AFRIKA BAMBAATAA
THE AMEN RA OF UNIVERSAL HIP HOP CULTURE
UNIVERSAL ZULU NATION

TIME TO FIGHT ALL RADIO STATION WHO CLAIM HIP HOP BUT DO NOT PLAY HIP HIP IN A BALANCE. PLAY OLD SCHOOL WITH NEW SCHOOL; TO KEEP A BALANCE WITH TRUE SCHOOL. TIME TO FIGHT ALL THESE DAMN STATIONS WHO ARE JUST PLAYING ONE STYLE OF RAP AND TO FIGHT THESE BS TV VIDEO SHOWS THAT ONLY PLAY RAP VIDEOS OF DISRESPECT TO WOMAN OR JUST SHOW NEGATIVE VIDEOS AND NOT PLAY ALL VIDEOS IN A BALANCE FROM PAST TO THE PRESENT. BRING THE SPIRIT OF MAAT TO HIP HOP RADIO AND TV SHOWS. CONSCIOUSNESS AND FUN IN HIP HOP

THE FIGHT FOR 2006 IS ON TO SAVE HIP HOP CULTURE, TIME TO RAISE THE ARMY OF PEOPLE WHO WILL PUT THE POWER OF THE SUPREME FORCE ON THESE SATANIST B*STARDS, WHO ARE TRYING TO CONTROL THE MINDS OF THE HIP HOP WORLD NATION. ALL WHO STAND ON THE SIDE OF THE SUPREME FORCE, WHO IS CALLED BY MANY NAMES, STOP BEING SCARED, STAND UP AND RAISE YOUR VOICE AND THEN GET TO WORK TO EXPOSE THESE DAMN RECORD LABELS, RADIO STATIONS, TV HIP HOP SHOWS OR WHATEVER SHOWS THAT SHOWS US IN A BS VISION OF JUST BEING PIMPS, PLAYAS, GANGSTERS AND HOES, STRAIGHT UP NIGGERS, WIGGERS, OR ANY OTHER DEROGATORY WORDS THAT THEY USE AND WE USE TO CALL OURSELVES.

WE ARE ASKING ALL BROTHERS AND SISTERS OF ALL SO CALLED RACES (THE HUMAN RACE) ALL OVER THE WORLD,TO JOIN BROTHER AFRIKA BAMBAATAA AND THE UNIVERSAL ZULU NATION, BROTHER DAVEY D, TOOLS OF WAR,THE R.E.A.C.H. ORGANIZATION, SISTER ROSA CLEMENTE, KEVIN POWELL, SISTER APRIL SILVER, ERNIE PANICCIOLI, CRAZY LEGS, FABEL, TONY TONE, ADISA, NTELEK MARTHA DIAZ, CHUCK D, PROFESSOR X, KRS ONE AND THE TEMPLE OF HIP HOP, THE UNIVERSAL FEDERATION FOR THE PRESERVATION OF HIP HOP CULTURE AND MANY MORE GRASS ROOTS ORGANIZATIONS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD TO BRING THE POWER OF GODS AND GODDESSES, THE SUPREME FORCE ON ALL THESE JIVE A*S SO CALLED HIP HOP RADIO STATION TO CHANGE UP OR BACK TO HELL YOU GO . IT IS TIME TO CAUSE A WORLD MOVEMENT. STOP BEING SCARED AND CALL ON THE SPIRITS OF THE ANCESTORS, THE LORD OF ALL THE WORLDS AND GET TO WORK. RAISE CONSCIOUSNESS BACK IN HIP HOP CULTURE. WE ARE NOT SAYING TO STOP PLAYING WHAT YOUR ARE PLAYING ON THE AIR OR SHOWING ON THE TV BUT TO HAVE BALANCE AND PLAY IT ALL, OLD SCHOOL TO NEW SCHOOL TO BE TRUE SCHOOL.

WE NEED THE ARMY OF GODS AND GODDESSES TO LIFT EVERY VOICE AND SPEAK BUT TO LIFT EVERY ARM AND SWING MEANING PUT FIRE TO THESE DEMONS ON THESE STATIONS WHO WILL BRING THE CULTURE OF HIP HOP OVER TO THE DEVIL. IF YOUR ARE WITH SAVING HIP HOP CULTURE THEN FIGHT LIKE GODS OF HEAVEN AND SEND THEM DEMONS BACK TO HELL. IN THE SPIRIT OF THE MILLION MORE MARCH, MILLION MAN MARCH, MILLION WOMAN MARCH, MILLION YOUTH MARCH, THE UNIVERSAL ZULU NATION, THE ROCK STEADY CREW, ALL THE B-BOYS AND GIRLS, TRUE HIP HOP CULTURE HEADS THROUGHOUT PLANET EARTH JOIN AN ORGANIZATION OR GET WITH PEOPLE WHO ARE ABOUT MOVEMENT TO TAKE OUR CULTURE BACK AND SAVE OUR YOUTH ALL OVER THE WORLD AND TO SAVE YOUR MIND AND YOUR SOUL..

ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE

*Angie “Hiphop Angel” Griffin; Angel of Love Events/Temple of Hip Hop - 770.9129505

Find the petition here and please sign it - http://www.ipetitions.com/petition/BBBATL

CIA Contractors are Running the Agency

PRIVATE SPIES
Who Runs the CIA? Outsiders for Hire
Wash. Post
By R.J. Hillhouse
July 8, 2007; Page B05

Red alert: Our national security is being outsourced.

The most intriguing secrets of the "war on terror" have nothing to do with al-Qaeda and its fellow travelers. They're about the mammoth private spying industry that all but runs U.S. intelligence operations today.

Surprised? No wonder. In April, Director of National Intelligence Mike McConnell was poised to publicize a year-long examination of outsourcing by U.S. intelligence agencies. But the report was inexplicably delayed - and suddenly classified a national secret. What McConnell doesn't want you to know is that the private spy industry has succeeded where no foreign government has: It has penetrated the CIA and is running the show.

Over the past five years (some say almost a decade), there has been a revolution in the intelligence community toward wide-scale outsourcing. Private companies now perform key intelligence-agency functions, to the tune, I'm told, of more than $42 billion a year. Intelligence professionals tell me that more than 50 percent of the National Clandestine Service (NCS) -- the heart, brains and soul of the CIA -- has been outsourced to private firms such as Abraxas, Booz Allen Hamilton, Lockheed Martin and Raytheon.

These firms recruit spies, create non-official cover identities and control the movements of CIA case officers. They also provide case officers and watch officers at crisis centers and regional desk officers who control clandestine operations worldwide. As the Los Angeles Times first reported last October, more than half the workforce in two key CIA stations in the fight against terrorism -- Baghdad and Islamabad, Pakistan -- is made up of industrial contractors, or "green badgers," in CIA parlance.

Intelligence insiders say that entire branches of the NCS have been outsourced to private industry. These branches are still managed by U.S. government employees ("blue badgers") who are accountable to the agency's chain of command. But beneath them, insiders say, is a supervisory structure that's controlled entirely by contractors; in some cases, green badgers are managing green badgers from other corporations.

Sensing problems -- and possibly fearing congressional action -- the CIA recently conducted a hasty review of all of its job classifications to determine which perform "essential government functions" that should not be outsourced. But it's highly doubtful that such a short-term exercise can comprehensively identify the proper "blue/green" mix, especially because contractors' work statements have long been carefully formulated to blur the distinction between approvable and debatable functions.

Although the contracting system is Byzantine, there's no question that the private sector delivers high-quality professional intelligence services.

Outsourcing has provided solutions to personnel-management problems that have always plagued the CIA's operations side. Rather than tying agents up in the kind of office politics that government employees have to engage in to advance their careers, outsourcing permits them to focus on what they do best, which boosts morale and performance. Privatization also immediately increased the number of trained, experienced agents in the field after the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001.

Even though wide-scale outsourcing may not immediately endanger national security, it's worrisome. The contractors in charge of espionage are still chiefly CIA alumni who have absorbed its public service values. But as the center of gravity shifts from the public sector to the private, more than one independent intelligence firm has developed plans to "raise" succeeding generations of officers within its own training systems. These corporate-grown agents will be inculcated with corporate values and ethics, not those of public service.

And the current piecemeal system has introduced some vulnerabilities. Historically, the system offered members of the intelligence community the kind of stability that ensured that they would keep its secrets. That dynamic is now being eroded. Contracts come and go. So do workforces. The spies of the past came of age professionally in a strong extended family, but the spies of the future will be more like children raised in multiple foster homes -- at risk.

Today, when Booz Allen Hamilton loses a contract to SAIC, people rush from one to the other in a game of musical chairs, with not enough chairs for all the workers who possess both the highest security clearances and expertise in the art of espionage. Some inevitably lose out. Any good counterintelligence officer knows what can happen next. Down-on-their-luck spies begin to do what spies do best: spy. Other companies offer them jobs in exchange for industry secrets. Foreign governments approach them. And some day, terrorists will clue in to this potential workforce.

The director of national intelligence has put our security at risk by classifying the study on outsourcing and keeping the truth about this inadequately planned and managed system out of the light. Much of what has been outsourced makes sense, but much of the structure doesn't, not for the longer term. It's time for the public and Congress to demand the study's release. More important, it's past time for the industry -- an industry conceived of and run by some of the best and brightest the CIA has ever produced -- to come up with the kind of innovative solutions it's legendary for, before the damage goes too deep.

rjh@thespywhobilledme.com

R.J. Hillhouse writes the national security blog the Spy Who Billed Me and is the author of the espionage thriller "Outsourced."

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/06/AR2007070601993.html

Brazil TAM Airline Crash (Updated)

" ... Security video released by the air force showed TAM Flight 3054 speeding down the tarmac more than four times as fast as other planes landing around the same time ... [T]he thrust reverser, used by jets to slow down just after touching down, had been deactivated earlier in accordance with proper maintenance procedures. ... "

Proper? The AP quotes Brazilian aviation consultant Elias Gedeon: "it is possible that the thrust reverser could have played a role" in the crash.
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/brazil_plane_crash;_ylt=Athk02mGuStaIQPXe6h4umsZO7gF

Roberto da Mota Girardi, a professor of aerodynamics at the Aeronautics Technological Institute, stated that the failure of a reverse thruster is a certain risk. "This is dangerous," Girardi told reporters, "especially in a short tarmac as the one in Congonhas." A plane with an inoperative reverse thruster would need a longer runway to stop. "I'm not familiar with the Airbus's operation manual or the details of TAM's maintenance system, but it seems odd that they would allow a period of ten days to evaluate the problem."
http://www.brazzilmag.com/content/view/8477/1/http://www.brazzilmag.com/content/view/8477/1/

Officials are blaming the maintenance manual - because it doesn't specifically state that a plane with a malfunctioning or disabled reverse thruster should be grounded. Brazzil Magazine reports: " ... TAM's president, Marco Antonio Bologna, and the airline's vice president Ruy Amparo, confirmed that the reverse thruster wasn't working and had been turned off. According to them, however, this didn't represent any danger to the plane, since the jet's manual in these cases only recommend that the failed equipment be checked in ten days, but DOESN'T TELL to stop flying the aircraft. ... "
http://www.brazzilmag.com/content/view/8477/1/

The maintenance manual destroyed the airbus?

Flight professionals will permit an airplane to fly in any condition so long as the manual doesn't suggest grounding? Some aviation experts are echoing the airline's statement that the thruster was only "complementary," and not essential to the braking system - if so how to explain a PREVIOUS disaster at the airport was determined to be CAUSED by a faulty thruster - how is it possible if it is only "complementary," and not necessary is some situations to slow the jet? Brazzil reports: " ... In 1996, a reverse thruster failure was pointed as the reason for another crash in the SAME AIRPORT. At that time, a Fokker-100 also belonging to TAM crashed over a residential area, a few seconds after takeoff. killing 99 people."
http://www.brazzilmag.com/content/view/8477/1/

That was also a TAM ... and nothing was learned from the experience?

And there is this about-face. The news of thruster failure contradicts a previous statement: " ... TAM's chief executive, Marco Antonio Bologna, had said on Wednesday the aircraft was in PERFECT CONDITION. ... "
http://africa.reuters.com/world/news/usnN20326669.html

The TAM CEO "misspoke." And the airline was not forthcoming with news of the decoupled thruster - an investigation by Globo TV found the malfunction, and it was acknowledged by the airline a few hours later. Official statements made after the crash have proven to be completely false and misleading.

If it had been left to TAM officials, the mechanical problem might not have been made public knowledge, and the cause would still be (as it was deemed following the initial reports) "pilot error."

However, one investigation - concucted by the Brazlian Air Force - has found that the speed of the plane on the Tarmac may have been partially due to error. The newsweekly Veja published a report last week claiming that the plane's data recorder showed one of the jet's throttles was in the accelerate position instead of idle while touching down at Congonhas airport. This report was met with widespread skepticism, however, particularly among the families, who suspect that the story was concocted to ease criticism of da Silva's government.

The protests following the TAM crash have drawn thousands. Many marchers say that they doubt the latest accident report, AP reports, "because it would remove pressure from President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva's administration, which came under withering criticism after the crash for failing to invest in airport infrastructure over the past five years amid a commercial travel boom. 'It's the best thing for Lula that could have happened,' said Gabriela Paulino, referring to the president by his nickname.

Mr. Paulino, a lawyer who did not know anyone on the TAM Airbus 320 but carried a single yellow rose for the victims added:'“Now they're going to blame the pilot because he's dead.'”
http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20070729.wbrazilcrash0729/BNStory/International/home

The investigation is highly secretive and tightly-controlled. The AP report: "Brazil's air force said in a statement that investigators have not disclosed any information about the plane's data recorder to outside sources." But somehow the report on the engaged thruster was leaked to the press. Times of India on July 29: "The Brazilian air force, which oversees civil aviation and accident investigations, said in a statement that no conclusion had been reached and that it had not leaked any information to the press."
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Rest_of_World/Brazil_plane_crash_blamed_on_pilot_error_Report/articleshow/2241563.cms
(faulty link, but the story is posted at the TI site)

- Alex Constantine
-------------------
Opposition Leader Julio Redecker Among the Dead
http://cbs5.com/topstories/topstories_story_200092017.html

Jul 19, 2007 6:44 am US/Pacific
Government Criticized After Brazil Crash

" ... The accident is certain to have political ramifications, however, if only because the dead included Rep. Julio Redecker, 51, a leader of the opposition Brazilian Social Democracy Party and vocal critic of Silva's handling of the aviation crisis. ... "

[Redecker was to meet with House Speaker Nancy Pelosi the day of the accident.]

Pelosi Calls for Moment of Silence to Remember Passengers on Brazilian Plane Crash

07/18/2007

Washington, D.C. – Speaker Nancy Pelosi expressed her condolences and requested a moment of silence on the House floor this afternoon in remembrance of the passengers on the plane crash in Sao Paulo, Brazil last night. Representative Julio Redecker, the Brazilian House Minority Leader and a passenger on the plane, was scheduled to meet with the Speaker today. Below are her remarks:

"Last evening, the airport at Sao Paulo, Brazil was the scene of a terrible tragedy that took the lives of as many as 200. Among those lost was Representative Julio Redecker, the Brazilian House Minority Leader.

"As fate would have it, I was scheduled to meet this afternoon with Mr. Redecker and the President of the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies, Arlindo Chinaglia. Moments ago, I spoke with Mr. Chinaglia and Brazil’s Ambassador to the United States, Antonio Patriota. Mr. Chinaglia, said that he lost a colleague last night, he lost a friend.

http://www.speaker.gov/newsroom/speeches?id=0062

I Fight in the Nacional Congress [translation]
18/07/2007 12:03

"The death of the representative Júlio Redecker one of vitimas of the Flight of TAM that blew up in São Paulo, changed the routine of the house of representatives in this Wednesday.

"If nothing folloied Redecker of the president of the house Arlindo Chinaglia had happened, would be from today on in official visit Washington, capital of the United States, where a series of meetings with North American parliamentarians was marked. Today, for example, they would be congregated with the speaker of the house of the Representatives, Nancy Pelosi, and with the president of the Commission of Foreign affairs, Tom Lantos. ... "
press.jrc.it/NewsExplorer/clusteredition/ en/20070719,bbc-d0680f089a685731372cfb855ef7409f.html

[Redecker was investigating Waldir Pires, the Brazilian defense minsiter, who had responsibility for air traffic safety. Pires was fired after the TAM crash.]

Joe Sharkey: Brazil

" ... Brazil has many problems and the people are upset about them. Most Brazilians want Mr. Pires away from his job and the oposition support grows stronger. Aviation is in crisis and one of the opposition deputies working on Air Traffic Investigations against Mr. Pires, Julio Redecker (PSDB-RS), was killed on that accident. ... "

http://sharkeyonbrazil.blogspot.com/2007/07/editorial.html
---------------
Banco Santander - 2 Local Men Killed In Brazil Crash
Both Were Employees Of Banco Santander
July 19, 2007

MIAMI -- Two South Florida men were among the nearly 200 killed in the airplane crash in Sao Paulo, Brazil, Local 10 has learned.

The senior vice president of marketing and strategy for Banco Santander on Brickell Avenue confirmed Wednesday that two of their employees were on the airplane that crashed Tuesday. Pedro Abreau and Ricardo Tazoe, shown at right, were killed in the fiery crash. ...
---------
Banco Santander and Chavez

http://www.venezuelanalysis.com/articles.php?artno=2097

" ... Away from Chávez, his mouth and his oil, the Caracas financial community has been making serious money.… Venezuelan banks’ results that are the envy of the banking world, with returns on equity (RoE) of 33 percent the norm and 40 percent-plus RoE posted by pack leaders. International concerns are welcome to the party, too: Spain’s Banco Santander, which enjoys 15 percent of total market share, is a shining example. ... "
--------------
http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/americas/07/20/brazil.crash.ap/index.html?iref=mpstoryview

SAO PAULO, Brazil (AP) -- One of the two thrust reversers on an airliner that crashed in a fireball was turned off when the plane landed, the jet's owner said Thursday.

Officials were trying to determine why the plane with 186 aboard raced down a runway instead of slowing down. The airline insisted late Thursday that the thrust reverser, used by jets to slow down just after touching down, had been deactivated earlier in accordance with proper maintenance procedures. ...

Brazil's Globo TV reported earlier Thursday that an unidentified problem in the Airbus-320's right thrust reverser emerged four days before the crash and was under investigation by authorities.

TAM, the airline, told Globo TV that Airbus maintenance rules approved by Brazilian aviation officials say the type of problem found must be inspected within 10 days and that the planes can fly in the interim.

President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva was expected to finally address Brazil's deadliest air tragedy in a televised speech to the nation Friday evening.

His government has come under fire for failing to deal with the nation's air travel safety problems. His only comment since the plane exploded Tuesday night was a brief statement of condolences issued hours later.

The opposition Social Democratic Party complained in a statement that Silva "hasn't appeared publicly to express his sorrow, or to give solidarity to the families of the victims and explain what measures are being taken" to prevent similar accidents.

The TAM Linhas Aereas SA jet had 186 people aboard and at least three people died on the ground after it slammed into a building owned by the airline, causing explosions and a fire that was still smoldering two days later.

By late Thursday, 188 bodies had been retrieved, but forensic examiners had identified only 25. ...

Meanwhile, authorities struggled to determine why the TAM jet raced down the runway after landing instead of slowing down just before it was blown apart in a series of explosions.

Security video released by the air force showed TAM Flight 3054 speeding down the tarmac more than four times as fast as other planes landing around the same time. That raised the possibility of pilot or mechanical error instead of a slick and short runway widely cited as a likely cause.

Brig. Jose Carlos Pereira, president of the national airport authority Infraero, said authorities must wait for an analysis of the black box to explain why the jet was going so fast.

"For some reason, the plane did not slow down," he said. "Something happened and the pilot, for some reason, accelerated the plane."

Aviation officials insist Congonhas' 6,362-foot runway is not too short for safe operations, but pilots have long complained about slippery conditions during rainy weather and say the length allows small margin for error.

On Thursday, another TAM plane had to pull out of a landing after coming in at an unsafe angle, circled around and landed safely on its second attempt -- a fairly routine event at Congonhas.

A day before the crash, two planes skidded off the runway. On March 22, a Boeing 737-400 overshot the runway in a heavy rain, stopping just short of a steep drop....
------------------
Brazil jet thrust reverser 'off' - The video footage shows the final moments of the flight
BBC
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/6907704.stm

A thrust reverser on the plane which crashed in Brazil, killing some 200 people, had been deactivated during maintenance checks, the airline says.

The reversers can be used to help jets slow down on landing but Tam Airlines insisted the deactivation was in accordance with proper procedures.

The Tam Airlines' Airbus 320 overshot the runway at Sao Paulo's Congonhas airport, hit buildings and exploded.

There has been intense speculation but no confirmation on the crash's cause.

But the crash has brought mounting calls for Congonhas airport to close.

Brazilian President Luis Inacio Lula da Silva, who has been criticised by opponents for his low profile since the crash, will address the nation on Friday and is expected to announce new measures on air safety.

'Higher speed'

Tam Airlines said the right thrust reverser was "deactivated" at the time of the accident "in conditions stipulated by the maintenance of the manufacturer Airbus and approved by [Brazil's] National Civil Aviation Agency".

Tam Airlines' comments came after Brazil's Globo TV said a problem with the right thrust reverser had emerged four days before the crash.

Tam said Airbus's own manual says an inspection can be done up to 10 days after it is first detected and that the plane can continue to operate in the meantime.

Globo TV also reported that the same plane had problems landing at Congonhas the day before the crash.

The channel said the plane only managed to stop at the limit of the runway. The pilot told air traffic controllers it was very slippery but did not mention any other problems, the report said.

The crash occurred in wet conditions on a recently resurfaced runway that has been criticised as being too short.

New video footage shows some of the final moments of the Tam Airlines flight from the southern city of Porto Alegre, and another similar plane that had arrived earlier.

It appears to show the Tam plane travelling along one section of the runway at higher than normal speed.

It shows the first aircraft apparently taking 11 seconds to travel along the visible section, while the plane that crashed covers the same distance in three.

The Airbus 320 jet appears to continue speeding along the runway without slowing, before disappearing out of view. The flash of an explosion can be seen a short time later.

According to Globo TV, the Brazilian air force, which oversees the country's air traffic control system, believes the footage shows the plane was travelling at excessive speed.

As the plane careered towards the busy road nearby, one theory is that the pilot tried to take off again. The aircraft crossed the road and ploughed into a Tam Airlines building.

"That he jumped over the avenue was an indication he tried to take off. If he didn't [try to take off] he would have gone nose down at the end of the runway," Brig Jorge Kersul Filho, director of the Air Force's Centre for Investigation and Prevention of Air Accidents, said.

Some 180 bodies have been recovered from the burnt wreckage, says fire chief Nilton Miranda, adding another 20 bodies are expected to be found.

Most of the passengers and crew on board the flight were Brazilian.

Data mining by NSA spurred confrontation on U.S. spying

International Herald Tribune
By Scott Shane and David Johnston
Sunday, July 29, 2007

WASHINGTON: A 2004 dispute over the National Security Agency's secret surveillance program that led top Justice Department officials to threaten resignation involved computer searches through massive electronic databases, according to current and former government officials briefed on the program.

It is not known precisely why searching in the databases, known as data mining, raised such a furious legal debate. But such databases, compiled by American companies and stored in the United States, contain records of the phone calls and e-mail messages of millions of Americans. Though the databases do not include the content of the calls and messages, their examination by the government can raise privacy issues.

The data mining by the NSA has previously been reported. But the disclosure that concerns about it figured in the March 2004 debate helps to clarify the recent clash between Attorney General Alberto Gonzales and senators who accused him of misleading Congress and called for a perjury investigation.

The clash in 2004 culminated in a showdown in the hospital room of Attorney General John Ashcroft, where Gonzales, the White House counsel at the time, and Andrew Card Jr., the White House chief of staff, unsuccessfully tried to get the ailing Ashcroft to sign a reauthorization for the NSA program.

Gonzales insisted in testimony before the Senate earlier this month that the 2004 dispute had not involved the Terrorist Surveillance Program, which he defined as the interception of phone calls and e-mail messages in and out of the United States involving people associated with Al Qaeda. He said the fight involved "other intelligence activities."

Because the dispute chiefly involved the use of databases by the NSA, rather than eavesdropping, Gonzales's defenders may maintain that his narrowly crafted answers earlier this month and in previous testimony, while legalistic, were technically correct.

But members of the Senate Intelligence Committee, who have been briefed on the program, called the testimony deceptive.

"I've had the opportunity to review the classified matters at issue here, and I believe that his testimony was misleading at best," said Senator Russ Feingold, Democrat of Wisconsin, joining three other Democrats in calling Thursday for a perjury investigation of Gonzales. "This has gone on long enough. It is time for a special counsel to investigate whether criminal charges should be brought."

The senators' comments, along with those of other members of Congress briefed on the program, suggested that they considered the eavesdropping and data mining so closely tied that they were part of a single program. Both activities, which ordinarily require warrants, were started without court approval as the Bush administration intensified counterterrorism efforts soon after the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks.

A half-dozen officials and former officials interviewed for this article would speak only on the condition of anonymity, in part because unauthorized disclosures about the classified program are already the subject of a criminal investigation. Some of the officials said the 2004 dispute involved other issues in addition to the data mining, but they would not provide details. They would not say whether the differences were over how the databases were searched or how the resulting information was used.

Nor would they explain what modifications to the surveillance program President George W. Bush authorized to head off the threatened resignations by Justice Department officials. An agency spokesman declined to comment on the data mining issue but referred a reporter to a statement issued earlier that Gonzales had testified truthfully.

The Justice Department announced in January that eavesdropping without warrants under the Terrorist Surveillance Program had been halted, and that a special intelligence court was again overseeing the wiretapping. The NSA, the nation's largest intelligence agency, generally eavesdrops on communications in foreign countries. Since passage of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act in 1978, any eavesdropping to gather intelligence on U.S. soil has required a warrant from the special court.

In addition, court approval is required for the NSA to search the databases of telephone calls or e-mail records, usually assembled by phone and Internet companies and including phone numbers or e-mail addresses, as well as the dates, times and duration of calls and messages. Sometimes called "metadata," such databases do not include the words spoken in telephone calls or written in e-mail messages.

Bush has asserted that both his constitutional powers as commander in chief and the authorization for the use of military force passed by Congress after the Sept. 11 attacks gave him legal justification for skirting the warrant requirement. Critics have called the surveillance illegal because it does not comply with the FISA law.

http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/07/29/news/intel.php

Decades after a plant closes, Ford's waste remains

" ... There were some who wanted to be vocal, but if you fought back against the state, local government and a major company like Ford, what was going to happen to you?" ... "

International Herald Tribune
By Ron Stodghill
Sunday, July 29, 2007

Abandoned mine in Ringwood, New Jersey, that Ford had used to dump parts and paint sludge. (Sylwia Kapuscinski/NYT)

NEW YORK: In the summer of 2005, around the time that residents of Upper Ringwood, New Jersey, began to wonder whether the skin rashes, nosebleeds and bronchitis that plagued their community were more than bad luck, Ford Motor and the Environmental Protection Agency made a request: The automaker and the regulator wanted access to the yards around two families' homes to remove waste that had been dumped in the area.

Ford boasts in its ads that "It's Easy Being Green," but residents feared that the request suggested something not so easy at all.

From the mid-1950s to the late 1970s, Ford operated an assembly plant in northern New Jersey, in nearby Mahwah, that cranked out millions of passenger cars. Ford closed the plant in 1980, after dumping what the EPA describes as thousands of tons of paint sludge and other waste in Upper Ringwood, a community of about 350 working-class residents near the Ramapo Mountains.

A few years later, the Environmental Protection Agency identified Upper Ringwood for priority cleanup under its Superfund program.

Ford, deemed responsible for the pollution, spent the next five years assessing and removing sludge from a 500-acre, or 200-hectare, site that included 50 homes.

Satisfied with Ford's cleanup, the EPA dropped Upper Ringwood as a Superfund site in 1994, having determined, according to a public notice, that "no further cleanup by responsible parties is appropriate" and that "the current risk posed by the site is within an acceptable range."

Yet recently, based on Ford's and the EPA's own recent follow-up studies of the soil and groundwater in Upper Ringwood, those conclusions unraveled and became fodder in what environmental experts say is now among the messiest industrial cleanup efforts in Superfund's 27-year history.

Since the EPA relisted Upper Ringwood last year as a Superfund site, cleanup experts in the area have not only removed several thousand tons of waste that crews had previously overlooked, but workers have also identified substantial amounts of potentially hazardous paint sludge in the yards of at least two private homes, according to federal regulators and Ford.

Last year, residents sued Ford in a New Jersey state court for property damage and personal injuries, citing the improper disposal of waste from the Mahwah plant.

The lawsuit claims that Ford's hazardous paint sludge and other contaminated material, while dumped decades ago, still contaminate the soil, air and groundwater in their community; that Ford failed to tell more than 600 residents how dangerous the waste was; and that Ford has yet to properly clean it up.

To make their case, residents have enlisted several high-profile legal experts and consultants, including the environmental lawyer Robert Kennedy Jr., the toxicologist James Dahlgren, who became known after the "Erin Brockovich" movie, and the law firm of the late civil rights lawyer Johnnie Cochran.

The lawyers contend in the suit that contaminated waste that Ford left behind has contributed to illnesses among residents like the diabetes that caused Paul Eugene VanDunk to have his leg amputated and the cancer that killed his daughter.

"This community was here long before Ford had anything to do with Upper Ringwood," said Andrew Carboy, a lead lawyer for the residents. "Ford's involvement here ended almost 40 years ago, but the community is still dealing with the health consequences of Ford's dumping."

Ford counters that its history of dumping in Upper Ringwood, which occurred for four years, was legal and authorized by town supervisors. It says it was just one of several companies that deposited waste in the area during the years that its Mahwah plant operated and that its dumping activities and recent cleanup efforts have not endangered the health of residents.

"Bronchitis could be caused by a number of things that have nothing to do with toxins," said Alan Kraus, a lawyer representing Ford, during a recent court appearance. According to records of the proceedings, Kraus said he needed a medical history from each of the plaintiffs before turning over any records concerning the automaker's waste disposal activities.

"To be honest, I'm not a doctor, but I don't know whether bronchitis can be caused by toxins," he said in court.

Citing the litigation, Ford executives declined to be interviewed, but said in a statement that "the company is working diligently to address remaining issues related to its past disposal activities."

Ford also noted that "the borough of Ringwood used the site as a general dump before, during and after the four-year period that Ford-related waste materials were disposed at the site" and that recent surveys of the property "recorded the presence of non-Ford related miscellaneous wastes and debris on approximately half of all locations included in the survey."

Ford contractors and EPA officials also say that residents here have been wary about granting access to their homes to remove potentially dangerous, brick-size shards of sludge.

"We understand that the residents in Ringwood do not trust the agency or Ford too much," said Patricia Carr, an EPA spokeswoman. "But how can they voice concern about the health effects of the waste there for all these years and then not allow us access into their homes?"

Residents see things quite differently.

"Tell me what they can do to satisfy us for the lives that have been lost already?" asks Wayne Mann, a local activist and community leader. "How do you justify what they've done?"

The rustic community, an hour's drive from New York City, is home to the Ramapough Lenape Indian Nation, a tribe with roots in the area reaching back before the Revolutionary War.

The tribe maintains many traditions and has been slow to integrate; residents hunt deer and turkey and fish local streams for food. They also grow vegetables on small plots in their yards, and are not politically active - which played a part in Ford's and the EPA's inefficiency in cleaning the area, residents say.

Environmental advocates say that the significance of the fight between Ford and residents transcends Ford's activities, plaintiffs' lawyers' claims of "environmental racism," or so-called greenwashing efforts of companies with dubious environmental records to improve their images. They say it sheds light on the inherent limitations of the Superfund program, which has relied heavily on the scientific research and the purse strings of corporate polluters to clean up sites - limitations that have only been compounded by severe cuts recently in the EPA's budget.

The plaintiffs' lawyers also contend that Ford's waste has contaminated a local reservoir that provides drinking water for 2.5 million people in the surrounding area. Ford denies that.

"This site is the poster child of corporate bad behavior and the inability of the EPA to really make corporate polluters do proper cleanup of sites," said Robert Spiegel, executive director of the Edison Wetlands Association, an environmental advocacy group in New Jersey.

Ford's waste, Spiegel said, "is polluting the drinking water for millions of people, yet it's still unclear whether the EPA will ever force Ford into really cleaning it up."

Roger DeGroat, 58, leaves the above-ground swimming pool outside his Upper Ringwood home empty because he's afraid he might be filling it with contaminated water. He points at a purple rash on his arms to illustrate other fears. "I don't know what these blotches are," he says. "It scares me because my doctor doesn't know what's wrong with me, either. I get dizzy for no apparent reason; my eyes itch.

"My children have nosebleeds so bad in their sleep that they wake up stuck to the bed, like they've been hit in the head or something," he adds.

DeGroat, like many other residents here, says he believes that hazardous waste contributed to his family's illnesses as well as elevated rates of leukemia, cancer, diabetes and asthma in other residents.

A line of trucks barrels past DeGroat's house and disappears behind gates securing the work site where a business hired by Ford is cleaning Upper Ringwood. In recent months, workers have been removing sludge and investigating the possible presence of such hazardous substances as lead, arsenic, chromium, ethylbenzene and PCBs in local soil, according to the EPA.

Residents say that the cleanup makes their close-knit community feel like an occupied military zone, with the constant rumble of tank-size tractors drowning out the banter from children playing tag and hopscotch.

Despite the noise and the threat of illnesses, DeGroat says that he, like most of the American Indians who live here, can't imagine relocating. Tribe members have maintained largely isolated lives (because, they say, of racial taunting and stereotyping from people outside their community) and are groomed to be suspicious of most outsiders.

After Ford built its Mahwah plant in 1955 and bought 800 nearby acres to build homes for its workers, it became among the largest employers in the area. In 1967, Ford hired a contractor to dispose of waste from the Mahwah plant. Court filings say that Ford's agreement with the contractor "called for disposal of cardboard and other packing materials from the plant, scrap car parts, paint sludge and scrap and dented drums containing obsoleted hardened production sealing and insulating stock of noninflammable nature." Ford says that state and local officials approved the dumping that occurred from 1967 to 1971.

Residents say that regardless of who approved the dumping, their lives were changed. "The way we were living is not how people live in the real world," said Mann, who is also a lead plaintiff in the lawsuit against Ford. "There was trash everywhere. There were drums and chemicals all around, and trucks coming and dumping anywhere and everywhere. The Dumpsters would get so high that they would mysteriously burn for weeks."

Starting in the late 1960s, Ford says it began divesting large portions of the dump site in Upper Ringwood. It donated 300 acres of land to the town government, which, it claims, allowed other companies to continue dumping on the site between 1972 and 1976 (at which point state regulators shut it down).

Joseph Maraziti, a lawyer representing the town government, said that after Ford left the area, the Upper Ringwood site was used for only household waste, not potentially toxic industrial waste. "As of this moment, there has been no identification of any hazardous material connected with that site other than Ford's," he said.

Ford closed its Mahwah plant in 1980. Two years later, New Jersey regulators discovered substantial levels of arsenic in local water samples and gave their findings to the EPA, which added Upper Ringwood to a national priorities list under its Superfund program. Ford's cleanup crews arrived in Ringwood in 1983, but the company acknowledges that the process from the start was prolonged by extensive research and bureaucratic red tape.

"With the site sprawling over more than 500 acres, the EPA had to make decisions regarding how best to investigate, characterize and then address the disposal of hazardous substances on the site," the company said in a statement.

Part of the problem, too, Ford and EPA officials say, was a steep learning curve in the remediation of Superfund sites, or as the 1980 law is called, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act. Superfund was a response to public outcries in the 1970s over the discovery that about 22,000 tons of toxic waste had been dumped in the Love Canal neighborhood in Niagara Falls, New York.

"There was no model out there and no mentors in cleaning up sites," said Carr, the EPA spokeswoman. "The law was detailed and prescriptive, but nobody had any experience in how to do this."

Among the most costly initial mistakes, Carr says, was the agency's failure to involve residents in the cleanup. "In the early days, we didn't have a lot of interaction with the residents in Ringwood and from that have learned to reach out earlier in the process," she said.

Ford says it does not accept full responsibility for the lack of dialogue with the community. In its statement, the company says that "in the 1980s and early 1990s, neither the borough of Ringwood nor the residents expressed significant interest in the process to Ford."

Residents don't dispute that they were hesitant to speak out early on, but say they were silent because of fears of retribution. "When the berries and the fruit and the frogs started disappearing, I looked the other way," Mann said."Who is going to cry out when you are only renting and can be thrown out? There were some who wanted to be vocal, but if you fought back against the state, local government and a major company like Ford, what was going to happen to you?"

Ford said in a statement that even its best efforts to alleviate those fears during the more recent cleanup often proved ineffective. It said it helped the EPA set up a toll-free number early in the reinvestigation process that residents could use to anonymously report information regarding the location of paint sludge on the site. "The toll-free number was never used," the company said.

But as Alan Steinberg, a regional EPA administrator, says: "Regardless of who was at fault for what, I find the situation to be heartbreaking. It's obvious that some mistakes were made, that the site was cleaned up too quickly. We are in the process of correcting that mistake by supervising a very intensive cleanup effort by Ford."

Some environmental experts and analysts say the biggest problem in cleaning Upper Ringwood, as well as the nation's more than 1,000 other Superfund sites, stems from the depleted resources of the Superfund itself. Superfund's budget was built on an excise tax on crude oil and chemicals used for manufacturing. The tax lapsed in 1995, and the trust fund has shrunk from $1.5 billion in 1994 to insolvency today - leaving the EPA struggling to find other sources of money to identify and assess the nation's future cleanup needs, according to several recent studies. The EPA says that Superfund's shrinking resources don't undermine its ability to monitor corporate polluters and that companies themselves can adequately manage and police cleanups on their own.

The price tag for all of this remains large: according to a 2005 Government Accountability Office report, it will cost $20 billion to remediate the 142 largest Superfund sites.

Superfund has proved to be effective in spurring corporate polluters to pay for their own cleanups, analysts say. Rather than face fines of as much as three times the actual cost of a cleanup if the EPA undertook the effort on its own, most major corporate polluters have opted to clean the sites themselves. But that, in turn, has left the EPA dependent on corporate polluters to oversee and clean up problem sites.

"Funding of cleanups is a really central issue now that the tax fund has been depleted," said Katherine Probst, a senior fellow at Resources for the Future, a nonpartisan economic research group in Washington. "And there are issues about money, and issues about the future of the program, and questions about what you can expect to get in a cleanup these days."

For its part, Ford says its efforts to clean the area through the years have been nothing less than rigorous and that the company's voluntary decision to study the area's ground and streams for pollutants after closing its plant reflects its overall commitment to making the area safe for residents.

The company says it is doing additional cleanup work at known landfill areas, including at two abandoned mine sites.

More specifically, the company said in a statement that contractors had removed several tons of paint sludge deposits from Upper Ringwood sites and that samples of soil, surface water, sediment and groundwater had shown that the sludge has not migrated into soils or water supplies.

But residents say other warning signs still concern them, despite assurances from Ford and the EPA. Earlier this year, for example, New Jersey health authorities warned residents not to hunt squirrels (a longtime staple of the local diet) after discovering a squirrel that was contaminated with lead.

Vivian Milligan, 55, said that the notification unnerved her and that she had not gotten satisfactory answers about why she had two miscarriages, an ulcer, and has high blood pressure. Or why her husband has had four of his toes amputated. Or why three of her cousins have each had a leg amputated.

"I really feel that there's a connection between the contamination and all the health problems around here," she says. "There's just too many sick people for one little area."

http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/07/29/business/pollute.php

Saturday, July 28, 2007

Disreputable Psychotic Vincent "Lone Gunman" Bugliosi Misrepresents Bullet Evidence in JFK's Murder

http://www.maryferrell.org/wiki/index.php/Essay_-_Is_Vincent_Bugliosi_Right_that_Neutron_Activation_Analysis_Proves_Oswalds_Guilt



Is Vincent Bugliosi Right that Neutron Activation Analysis Proves Oswald's Guilt? - by Gary L. Aguilar

INTRODUCTION

In his book, Reclaiming History, author Vincent Bugliosi highlights the dubious, if long-held, claim that bullet evidence in the Kennedy case scientifically establishes Oswald's guilt to a high degree of certainty. The proof, he says, consists of two related elements that show that only two bullets from Oswald's rifle struck anyone in JFK's motorcade on November 22nd.

Commission Exhibit 399, the so-called "magic bullet," allegedly found on a stretcher in Parkland Memorial Hospital on the afternoon of 22 Nov 1963. But new evidence has raised doubts that this Mannlicher Carcano bullet is the same bullet that was originally found and turned over to the U.S. Secret Service. See The Magic Bullet: Even More Magical Than We Knew?

First, both the nearly whole bullet that was recovered on a stretcher at the hospital where JFK and Governor John Connally were treated, as well as both of the other large bullet fragments recovered from JFK's limousine (consisting of the copper jacket and the lead core of a single bullet) were shown to have been fired from Oswald's Mannlicher Carcano, to the exclusion of all other rifles in the world. Second, a sophisticated analytical test, neutron activation analysis (NAA), proves that all the smaller, recovered bullet fragments were separated from the larger specimens. Thus, only two bullets struck, both from Oswald's weapon.

As inescapable as the logic behind the theory may seem, and Bugliosi does an admirable job of making it seem inescapable, two recent reports in the technical/scientific literature have shot holes through it. The second debunking was published six months after Bugliosi claims to have stopped his inquiry and so he can't be faulted for not addressing it. But Bugliosi was fully aware of the first article, which, by itself, posed fatal problems which he glossed over. The manner in which Bugliosi dealt with this important evidence tells us much about his general approach to the subject of the Kennedy assassination. And to understand that, some background is in order.

BACKGROUND

That the larger pieces came from bullets shot through Oswald's rifle seems clear by the still-visible rifling marks. But in the wake of the new studies what is now not clear is that NAA can prove that all the small fragments are related to either one or the other of the two identifiable, large fragments.

First elaborated before the House Select Committee on Assassination's (HSCA) reinvestigation of Kennedy's murder in 1977, NAA is a sophisticated technique that purports to identify bullets by measuring the miniscule levels of "impurities" that are commonly present in bullet lead. Typically the quantities of antimony (Sb), silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) are assayed, but other trace components could be used just as well. The HSCA called upon Vincent Guinn, the University of California-Irvine, NAA expert. He put JFK's bullet evidence to the test and, against all expectations, reported a match in antimony levels that seemed to inextricably tie Oswald to the crime.

But as Guinn explained it, NAA only proved useful in the Kennedy case because of a feature that was unique to the Mannlicher Carcano bullets used in Oswald's rifle.

In stark contrast with the lead used in non-MCC bullets, which, bullet-to-bullet, had near identical levels of measurable Sb, the lead in Oswald's bullets had varying amounts. In the fragments recovered in the JFK case, Guinn found the telltale sign of Oswald's ammo: varying quanta of Sb. But Guinn said that there was a key additional feature that helped him reach his conclusions. With Oswald's ammo the levels of trace elements found in fragments taken from a given bullet remained constant, but were different from the levels found in other bullets. Thus, by NAA, fragments from one bullet would be traceable to the bullet of origin and could be distinguished from all others, even those picked out of a single box of twenty cartridges.

BUGLIOSI'S TREATMENT OF NAA

Bugliosi offered a remarkably clear explanation of Guinn's thesis:

"When subjected to NAA by Dr. Guinn, all five of the specimens produced a profile highly characteristic of the Western Cartridge Company's Mannlicher-Carcano ammunition. Even more interesting, the results fell into two distinct groups. Of the five samples, two had a concentration of antimony of about 800 parts per million, and three had a concentration of antimony of around 600 parts per million. This could mean only one thing: all five specimens had come from just two bullets. 'There is no evidence for three bullets, four bullets, or anything more than two, but there is clear evidence there are two,' Guinn told the HSCA.

"Guinn concluded that the large fragment found in the limousine, the smaller fragments found on the rug of the limousine, and the fragments recovered from Kennedy's brain were all from one bullet.

"His most important conclusion by far, however, scientifically defeating the notion that the bullet found on [Governor John] Connally's stretcher had been planted, was that the elemental composition and concentration of trace elements of the three bullet fragments removed from Governor Connally's wrist matched those of a second bullet, the stretcher bullet. The stretcher bullet, then, had to be the one that struck Connally … ."

In further support of Guinn's conclusions, Bugliosi cited two related papers published by the longstanding Warren Commission supporters, Ken Rahn, Ph.D. and Larry Sturdivan. The authors endorsed Guinn's statistical analysis as well as Guinn's conclusion that, as Bugliosi put it, "unlike other manufactured bullets, which he (Guinn) found to have a homogeneous elemental composition even when they came from the same batch or source, Mannlicher-Carcano ammunition manufactured by the Western Cartridge Company (CE 399 and the bullet fragments in the Kennedy case) (sic) had different elemental compositions (particularly in antimony content) from bullet to bullet within the same box (normally consisting of twenty rounds) (sic) of ammunition. (1 HSCA 494–495)."

RANDICH AND GRANT

CE 842, small metal fragments taken from the wrist of Governor Connally.

But almost immediately, there were doubts about the statistical analysis. Then, something unexpected happened. Two scientists from Lawrence Livermore Laboratory who were avowedly agnostic on the conspiracy question, Erik Randich, Ph.D. and Pat Grant, Ph.D., published a paper in the Journal of Forensic Science calling both Guinn's original report and the two papers by Rahn and Sturdivan into serious question.

One of Randich and Grant's objections was that, although Guinn worked in good faith, he didn't understand elemental bullet metallurgy, which was Randich's area of expertise. (Nor, they made clear, did Rahn or Sturdivan.) Guinn was wrong that Mannlicher Carcano bullets were unique because the trace levels of component Sb varied. The levels of antimony in MCC bullets do vary, they said. But so do Sb levels in many bullets that, like MCC shells, are jacketed. It is the non-jacketed bullets that have consistent levels of trace components. And the levels are controlled for a very good reason.

For while with jacketed bullets it is the jacket that provides the hardness and not the lead inside the jacket, in non-jacketed bullets the hardness of a bullet is determined by how much antimony is mixed into the lead. To strictly control bullet hardness, an important quality control issue, manufacturers strictly control the quanta of antimony used in the lead of non-jacketed ammo. But with jacketed bullets, Sb levels vary because no effort is expended to control antimony as it has no bearing on the bullet's hardness.

As it happens, the non-MCC bullets Guinn used in his comparison tests were non-jacketed, and so, bullet to bullet, had homogenous Sb levels. Imagining that his test samples were typical of the universe of all non-MCC shells, Guinn drew the wrong conclusions. The varying Sb levels he found in JFK's fragments did not prove they had come from MCC shells; they could have come from many kinds of jacketed rounds.

Randich and Grant also disproved another, key Guinn contention: that there is little variation in Sb levels within a single bullet. Using exquisite micrographs showing MCC bullets cut in cross section, Randich and Grant demonstrated that MCC bullet lead exhibits a "crystalline" type structure, with Sb tending to "microsegregate" around crystals of lead. The crystals are large enough that a sample taken from one portion of a bullet might easily have an Sb level one or two orders of magnitude higher or lower than one taken from another portion of the same bullet. Guinn found Sb matches within the MCC bullets he tested because he measured bits taken from only a very small portion of his test bullets, which said nothing about what he would have found had he sampled an entirely different area of the bullet. Thus, fragments with similar antimony levels could have come from one bullet, or more than one, and those with different antimony levels could have come from but a single bullet.

Finally, Randich and Grant analyzed the statistical model Guinn presented to the HSCA. They determined that the number of samples he had evaluated and the number of tests he performed were inadequate to draw the sweeping statistical conclusions Guinn, Rahn and Sturdivan had drawn.

A NEW STUDY

In May 2007, a second paper appeared reporting on a chemical, forensic and statistical analysis of bullets derived from the same batch as those supposedly used by Oswald. The authors, Cliff Spiegelman, professor of statistics at Texas A&M and an expert in bullet lead analysis, William A. Tobin, the FBI's former Chief Forensic Metallurgist, William D. James, research chemist with the Texas A&M Center for Chemical Characterization and Analysis, and Stuart Wexler, brought considerable expertise to their study. As with Randich and Grant, they also concluded that, "evidence used to rule out a second assassin is fundamentally flawed." They reported that, "many bullets within a box of Mannlicher-Carcano bullets have similar composition." Thus, it was not true, as Guinn had said, that such matches are extraordinarily rare.

To his credit, Bugliosi acknowledged the Randich and Grant paper in his book. Unfortunately, however, he dismissed their conclusions on the flimsy basis of a personal letter (which he reproduced in an endnote) by the 40+ year Warren Commission supporter, Larry Sturdivan. Repeating Guinn's mistaken interpretation, Sturdivan answered Randich and Grant by saying, "If one looks at the NAA data obtained by Vincent Guinn for the HSCA, it falls into two groups that are immediately obvious …." Randich and Grant had effectively demonstrated that, metallurgically and statistically, it is simply not the case that there are only two groups, a conclusion that has since been confirmed by the work of Spiegelman et al.

CONCLUSION

Thus, the NAA pillar Bugliosi touts as undergirding Oswald's guilt no longer stands. This is an embarrassing development that Bugliosi could easily have avoided. In dealing with so important an area of evidence, Bugliosi had a duty to leave no stone unturned. Instead, for reasons that seem obvious, he deferred to the opinion of the pro-Warren Commission partisan, Larry Sturdivan. Had he approached this subject the way a scholar of any merit would have, he would have checked Sturdivan's assertions with either Randich or Grant, two men who have better credentials than Sturdivan does but lack the latter's biases on the conspiracy question. But he never did. I called Randich and Grant and both said Bugliosi had never contacted them.

Jim Morrison’s Death May Be Reinvestigated

Rolling Stone
7/10/07

If you’re one of the many people who think Doors leader Jim Morrison’s 1971 demise was suspicious, you might be right. A story in the U.K.’s The Mail on Sunday suggests Morrison’s death may be reinvestigated.

According to his death certificate, Morrison, who was famously found dead in the bathtub of his Paris apartment at the age of 27, died from natural causes. But according to The End – Jim Morrison, a new book by Sam Bernett, a French-born former New York Times journalist, club manager and friend of Morrison, the rocker died of a massive heroin overdose in the bathroom of the Rock ‘n’ Roll Circus club in Paris’ Left Bank and was then moved to the tub as part of an astonishing cover-up meant to deflect blame from the posse of drug dealers Morrison patronized.

(Details on what Bernett says actually happened to Morrison, after the jump)

Bernett claims that in the early hours of July 3, 1971, Morrison showed up looking to buy heroin for his then-girlfriend Pamela Courson. After scoring and splitting for the bathroom, he failed to reappear. “About half an hour later, a cloakroom attendant came up to me and told me someone was locked in one of the cubicles and wasn’t coming out. I got a bouncer to smash the door down,” Bernett recalls. He says he found Morrison’s body slumped over the toilet. “We were certain he’d been snorting heroin because there was foam coming out of his lips as well as blood,” Bernett says. “He was scared of needles so never injected drugs.” Bernett brought in a customer who worked as a medic, who proclaimed Morrison dead.

At this point, Bernett says, Morrison’s dealers appeared, insisted the singer was still alive (though passed out) and carried the rocker out of the club, saying they would take care of him. Shortly thereafter, Bernett claims someone representing the club’s owner called, warning him not to tell anyone what happened.

Bernett says then-24-year-old singer/scenester Marianne Faithfull was also in the bar that night and was similarly sworn to secrecy. “Marianne never mentioned Jim again,” Bernett says. “She won’t talk about what happened in the club to this day.”

So why talk now? “I want to get rid of my heavy load,” Bernett says. “At least everything is now out there to be discussed. I’ve said what I have to say.” Will Bernett’s claims inspire French authorities to reopen the investigation? The twenty-year statute of limitations for criminal cases is up, but action could still be taken in civil court. A spokesman for France’s Police National told The Mail, “The new evidence will have to be considered.”

-- Elizabeth Goodman

http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2007/07/10/jim-morrisons-death-may-be-reinvestigated/